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Compare Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2002) - Kyrgyzstan (2001)

Compare Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2002) z Kyrgyzstan (2001)

 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2002)Kyrgyzstan (2001)
 Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesKyrgyzstan
Administrative divisions 6 parishes; Charlotte, Grenadines, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint Patrick 7 oblastlar (singular - oblast) and 1 city* (singular - shaar); Batken Oblasty, Bishkek Shaary*, Chuy Oblasty (Bishkek), Jalal-Abad Oblasty, Naryn Oblasty, Osh Oblasty, Talas Oblasty, Ysyk-Kol Oblasty (Karakol)

note:
administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses)
Age structure 0-14 years: 28.9% (male 17,093; female 16,497)


15-64 years: 64.8% (male 38,718; female 36,689)


65 years and over: 6.3% (male 3,188; female 4,209) (2002 est.)
0-14 years:
35.03% (male 841,029; female 823,723)

15-64 years:
58.83% (male 1,369,842; female 1,426,522)

65 years and over:
6.14% (male 110,340; female 181,547) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products bananas, coconuts, sweet potatoes, spices; small numbers of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats; fish tobacco, cotton, potatoes, vegetables, grapes, fruits and berries; sheep, goats, cattle, wool
Airports 6 (2001) 50 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 5


914 to 1,523 m: 3


under 914 m: 2 (2002)
total:
4

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
total:
46

2,438 to 3,047 m:
3

1,524 to 2,437 m:
5

914 to 1,523 m:
6

under 914 m:
32 (2000 est.)
Area total: 389 sq km (Saint Vincent 344 sq km)


land: 389 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total:
198,500 sq km

land:
191,300 sq km

water:
7,200 sq km
Area - comparative twice the size of Washington, DC slightly smaller than South Dakota
Background Disputed between France and the United Kingdom in the 18th century, Saint Vincent was ceded to the latter in 1783. Autonomy was granted in 1969, and independence in 1979. A Central Asian country of incredible natural beauty and proud nomadic traditions, Kyrgyzstan was annexed by Russia in 1864; it achieved independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Current concerns include: privatization of state-owned enterprises, expansion of democracy and political freedoms, inter-ethnic relations, and terrorism.
Birth rate 17.54 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) 26.18 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $94.6 million


expenditures: $85.8 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.) (2000 est.)
revenues:
$207.4 million

expenditures:
$238.7 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)
Capital Kingstown Bishkek
Climate tropical; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November) dry continental to polar in high Tien Shan; subtropical in southwest (Fergana Valley); temperate in northern foothill zone
Coastline 84 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution 27 October 1979 adopted 5 May 1993; note - amendment proposed by President AKAYEV and passed in a national referendum on 10 February 1996 significantly expands the powers of the president at the expense of the legislature
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
conventional long form:
Kyrgyz Republic

conventional short form:
Kyrgyzstan

local long form:
Kyrgyz Respublikasy

local short form:
none

former:
Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic
Currency East Caribbean dollar (XCD) Kyrgyzstani som (KGS)
Death rate 6.12 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) 9.13 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $167.2 million (2000) (2000) $1.4 billion (2000 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; the US Ambassador in Barbados is accredited to Saint Vincent and the Grenadines chief of mission:
Ambassador John M. O'KEEFE

embassy:
171 Prospect Mira, 720016 Bishkek

mailing address:
use embassy street address

telephone:
[996] (312) 551-241, (517) 777-217

FAX:
[996] (312) 551-264
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Ellsworth I. A. JOHN


chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016


telephone: [1] (202) 364-6730


FAX: [1] (202) 364-6736


consulate(s) general: New York
chief of mission:
Ambassador Bakyt ABDRISAYEV

chancery:
1732 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007

telephone:
[1] (202) 338-5141

FAX:
[1] (202) 338-5139
Disputes - international none territorial dispute with Tajikistan on southwestern boundary in Isfara Valley area; periodic target of Islamic insurgents from Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Afghanistan
Economic aid - recipient $47.5 million (1995); note - EU $34.5 million (1998) (1995) $329.4 million (1995)
Economy - overview Bananas and other agricultural products remain the staple of this lower-middle income country's economy. Although tourism and other services have been growing moderately in recent years, the government has been ineffective at introducing new industries. Unemployment remains high, and economic growth hinges upon seasonal variations in the agricultural and tourism sectors. Tropical storms wiped out substantial portions of crops in 1994 and 1995, and tourism in the Eastern Caribbean has suffered low arrivals following September 11. St. Vincent is home to a small offshore banking sector, but its restrictive secrecy laws have come under international review. As of June 2001, it remained on the Financial Action Task Force's list of noncooperative jurisdictions. Kyrgyzstan is a small, poor, mountainous country with a predominantly agricultural economy. Cotton, wool, and meat are the main agricultural products and exports. Industrial exports include gold, mercury, uranium, and electricity. Kyrgyzstan has been one of the most progressive countries of the former Soviet Union in carrying out market reforms. Following a successful stabilization program, which lowered inflation from 88% in 1994 to 15% for 1997, attention is turning toward stimulating growth. Much of the government's stock in enterprises has been sold. Drops in production had been severe since the breakup of the Soviet Union in December 1991, but by mid-1995 production began to recover and exports began to increase. Pensioners, unemployed workers, and government workers with salary arrears continue to suffer. Foreign assistance played a substantial role in the country's economic turnaround in 1996-97. Growth was held down to 2.1% in 1998 largely because of the spillover from Russia's economic difficulties, but moved ahead to 3.6% in 1999 and an estimated 5.7% in 2000. The government has adopted a series of measures to combat such persistent problems as excessive external debt, inflation, and inadequate revenue collection.
Electricity - consumption 76.3 million kWh (1999) 10.236 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 2.02 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 184 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 82 million kWh (1999) 12.981 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 73%


hydro: 27%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (1999)
fossil fuel:
6.67%

hydro:
93.33%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Soufriere 1,234 m
lowest point:
Kara-Darya 132 m

highest point:
Jengish Chokusu (Pik Pobedy) 7,439 m
Environment - current issues pollution of coastal waters and shorelines from discharges by pleasure yachts and other effluents; in some areas, pollution is severe enough to make swimming prohibitive water pollution; many people get their water directly from contaminated streams and wells; as a result, water-borne diseases are prevalent; increasing soil salinity from faulty irrigation practices
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
party to:
Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups black 66%, mixed 19%, East Indian 6%, Carib Amerindian 2%, other 7% Kirghiz 52.4%, Russian 18%, Uzbek 12.9%, Ukrainian 2.5%, German 2.4%, other 11.8%
Exchange rates East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976) soms per US dollar - 48.701 (January 2001), 47.704 (2000), 39.008 (1999), 20.838 (1998), 17.362 (1997), 12.810 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Sir Fredrick Nathaniel BALLANTYNE (since 2 September 2002)


head of government: Prime Minister Ralph E. GONSALVES (since 29 March 2001)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor general is appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister
chief of state:
President Askar AKAYEV (since 28 October 1990)

head of government:
Prime Minister Kurmanbek BAKIYEV (since 22 December 2000)

cabinet:
Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister

elections:
president reelected by popular vote for a five-year term; elections last held 29 October 2000 (next to be held November or December 2005); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
Askar AKAYEV reelected president; percent of vote - Askar AKAYEV 74%, Omurbek TEKEBAYEV 14%, other candidates 12%; note - election marred by serious irregularities
Exports $53.7 million (2000 est.) $482 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities bananas 39%, eddoes and dasheen (taro), arrowroot starch, tennis racquets cotton, wool, meat, tobacco; gold, mercury, uranium, hydropower; machinery; shoes
Exports - partners Caricom countries 49%, UK 16%, US 10% (1995) Germany 33%, Russia 16%, Kazakhstan 10%, Uzbekistan 10%, China 6% (1999)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three vertical bands of blue (hoist side), gold (double width), and green; the gold band bears three green diamonds arranged in a V pattern red field with a yellow sun in the center having 40 rays representing the 40 Kirghiz tribes; on the obverse side the rays run counterclockwise, on the reverse, clockwise; in the center of the sun is a red ring crossed by two sets of three lines, a stylized representation of the roof of the traditional Kirghiz yurt
GDP purchasing power parity - $339 million (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $12.6 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 10%


industry: 26%


services: 64% (2001 est.)
agriculture:
39%

industry:
22%

services:
39% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $2,900 (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $2,700 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate -0.8% (2001 est.) 5.7% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 13 15 N, 61 12 W 41 00 N, 75 00 E
Geography - note the administration of the islands of the Grenadines group is divided between Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Grenada; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is comprised of 32 islands and cays landlocked
Highways total: 1,040 km


paved: 320 km


unpaved: 720 km (1996)
total:
18,500 km (including 140 km of expressways)

paved:
16,854 km (these roads are said to be hard-surfaced, and include, in addition to conventionally paved roads, some that are surfaced with gravel or other coarse aggregate, making them trafficable in all weather)

unpaved:
1,646 km (these roads are made of unstabilized earth and are difficult to negotiate in wet weather) (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%:
2.7%

highest 10%:
31.7% (1997)
Illicit drugs transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe; small-scale cannabis cultivation limited illicit cultivator of cannabis and opium poppy, mostly for CIS consumption; limited government eradication program; increasingly used as transshipment point for illicit drugs to Russia and Western Europe from Southwest Asia
Imports $185.6 million (2000 est.) $579 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, chemicals and fertilizers, minerals and fuels oil and gas, machinery and equipment, foodstuffs
Imports - partners US 36%, Caricom countries 28%, UK 13% (1995) Russia 18%, Kazakhstan 12%, US 9%, Germany 8%, Uzbekistan 8%, China (1999)
Independence 27 October 1979 (from UK) 31 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)
Industrial production growth rate -0.9% (1997 est.) 7% (2000 est.)
Industries food processing, cement, furniture, clothing, starch small machinery, textiles, food processing, cement, shoes, sawn logs, refrigerators, furniture, electric motors, gold, rare earth metals
Infant mortality rate 16.15 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) 76.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) -0.4% (2001 est.) 18.7% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW (signatory), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WTrO AsDB, CCC, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, ECO, ESCAP, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 15 (2000) NA
Irrigated land 10 sq km (1998 est.) 9,000 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based on Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court resides in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) Supreme Court (judges are appointed for 10-year terms by the Supreme Council on the recommendation of the president); Constitutional Court; Higher Court of Arbitration
Labor force 67,000 (1984 est.) 1.7 million
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 26%, industry 17%, services 57% (1980 est.) agriculture 55%, industry 15%, services 30% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total:
3,878 km

border countries:
China 858 km, Kazakhstan 1,051 km, Tajikistan 870 km, Uzbekistan 1,099 km
Land use arable land: 10.26%


permanent crops: 17.95%


other: 71.79% (1998 est.)
arable land:
7%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
44%

forests and woodland:
4%

other:
45% (1993 est.)

note:
Kyrgyzstan has the world's largest natural growth walnut forest
Languages English, French patois Kirghiz (Kyrgyz) - official language, Russian - official language

note:
in May 2000, the Kyrgyzstani legislature made Russian an official language, equal in status to Kirghiz
Legal system based on English common law based on civil law system
Legislative branch unicameral House of Assembly (21 seats, 15 elected representatives and 6 appointed senators; representatives are elected by popular vote from single-member constituencies to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 28 March 2001 (next to be held by March 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - ULP 12, NDP 3
bicameral Supreme Council or Zhogorku Kenesh consists of the Assembly of People's Representatives (70 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and the Legislative Assembly (35 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
Assembly of People's Representatives - last held 20 February and 12 March 2000 (next to be held NA February 2005); Legislative Assembly - last held 20 February and 12 March 2000 (next to be held NA February 2005)

election results:
Assembly of People's Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; percent of vote by party - NA; and Legislative Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; note - total seats by party in the Supreme Council were as follows: Union of Democratic Forces 12, Communists 6, My Country Party of Action 4, independents 73, other 10

note:
the legislature became bicameral for the 5 February 1995 elections; the 2000 election results include both the Assembly of People's Representatives and the Legislative Assembly
Life expectancy at birth total population: 72.82 years


male: 71.07 years


female: 74.63 years (2002 est.)
total population:
63.46 years

male:
59.2 years

female:
67.94 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 96%


male: 96%


female: 96% (1970 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
97%

male:
99%

female:
96% (1989 est.)
Location Caribbean, islands in the Caribbean Sea, north of Trinidad and Tobago Central Asia, west of China
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Commonwealth of Independent States
Maritime claims contiguous zone: 24 NM


continental shelf: 200 NM


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
none (landlocked)
Merchant marine total: 788 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 7,000,660 GRT/10,702,776 DWT


ships by type: barge carrier 1, bulk 142, cargo 382, chemical tanker 24, combination bulk 11, combination ore/oil 3, container 47, liquefied gas 7, livestock carrier 3, multi-functional large-load carrier 2, passenger 3, petroleum tanker 48, refrigerated cargo 39, roll on/roll off 52, short-sea passenger 13, specialized tanker 10, vehicle carrier 1


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Albania 1, Anguilla 1, Argentina 1, Australia 2, Bahamas, The 1, Bangladesh 1, Barbados 2, Belgium 4, Bulgaria 14, Canada 1, Cayman Islands 1, China 135, Colombia 1, Croatia 12, Cyprus 6, Denmark 16, Egypt 7, Estonia 6, France 27, Germany 12, Greece 156, Guyana 7, Hong Kong 23, Iceland 1, India 11, Indonesia 3, Israel 2, Italy 19, Japan 1, Kenya 4, Latvia 5, Lebanon 9, Liberia 5, Lithuania 1, Malta 1, Man, Isle of 1, Marshall Islands 3, Mexico 1, Monaco 6, Netherlands 14, Netherlands Antilles 1, Nigeria 3, Norway 33, Pakistan 5, Panama 2, Poland 2, Portugal 2, Puerto Rico 2, Russia 8, Saint Kitts and Nevis 1, Saudi Arabia 3, Singapore 4, Slovenia 7, South Korea 4, Spain 1, Sweden 6, Switzerland 10, Syria 2, Taiwan 1, Thailand 1, Trinidad and Tobago 1, Tunisia 1, Turkey 15, Ukraine 8, United Arab Emirates 45, United Kingdom 16, United States 25, Vietnam 1 (2002 est.)
-
Military branches Royal Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Police Force (includes Special Service Unit), Coast Guard Army, Air and Air Defense, Security Forces, Border Troops
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA $12 million (FY99)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% 1% (FY99)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
1,203,001 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
975,744 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
50,590 (2001 est.)
National holiday Independence Day, 27 October (1979) Independence Day, 31 August (1991)
Nationality noun: Saint Vincentian(s) or Vincentian(s)


adjective: Saint Vincentian or Vincentian
noun:
Kyrgyzstani(s)

adjective:
Kyrgyzstani
Natural hazards hurricanes; Soufriere volcano on the island of Saint Vincent is a constant threat NA
Natural resources hydropower, cropland abundant hydropower; significant deposits of gold and rare earth metals; locally exploitable coal, oil, and natural gas; other deposits of nepheline, mercury, bismuth, lead, and zinc
Net migration rate -7.69 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) -2.66 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines - natural gas 200 km
Political parties and leaders National Reform Party or NRP [Joel MIGUEL]; New Democratic Party or NDP [Arnhim EUSTACE]; People's Progressive Movement or PPM [Ken BOYEA]; Progressive Labor Party or PLP [leader NA]; United People's Movement or UPM [Adrian SAUNDERS]; Unity Labor Party or ULP [Ralph GONSALVES] (formed by the coalition of Saint Vincent Labor Party or SVLP and the Movement for National Unity or MNU) Agrarian Labor Party of Kyrgyzstan [Uson S. SYDYKOV]; Agrarian Party of Kyrgyzstan [Arkin ALIYEV]; Ata-Meken Socialist Party or Fatherland [Onurbek TEKEBAYEV]; Banner National Revival Party or ASABA [Chaprashty BAZARBAY]; Democratic Movement of Kyrgyzstan or DDK [Jypar JEKSHEYEV]; Democratic Women's Party of Kyrgyzstan [T. A. SHAILIYEVA]; Dignity Party [Feliks KULOV]; Erkin Kyrgyzstan Progressive and Democratic Party [Tursunbay Bakir UULU]; Justice Party [Chingiz AYTMATOV]; Movement for the People's Salvation [Jumgalbek AMAMBAYEV]; Mutual Help Movement or Ashar [Jumagazy USUPOV]; My Country of Action [Almazbek ISMANKULOV]; National Unity Democratic Movement or DDNE [Yury RAZGULYAYEV]; Party of Communists of Kyrgyzstan or KCP [Absamat M. MASALIYEV]; Party of the Veterans of the War in Afghanistan [leader NA]; Peasant Party [leader NA]; People's Party [Melis ESHIMKANOV]; Poor and Unprotected People's Party [Daniyar USENOV]; Republican Popular Party of Kyrgyzstan [J. SHARSHENALIYEV]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [J. IBRAMOV]; Union of Democratic Forces (composed of Social Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan or PSD [J. IBRAMOV], Economic Revival Party, and Birimdik Party
Political pressure groups and leaders NA Council of Free Trade Unions; Kyrgyz Committee on Human Rights [Ramazan DYRYIDAYEV]; National Unity Democratic Movement; Union of Entrepreneurs
Population 116,394 (July 2002 est.) 4,753,003 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 51% (1997 est.)
Population growth rate 0.37% (2002 est.) 1.44% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Kingstown Balykchy (Ysyk-Kol or Rybach'ye)
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 12 (plus 10 repeater stations), FM 14, shortwave 2 (1998)
Radios 77,000 (1997) 520,000 (1997)
Railways 0 km total:
370 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines

broad gauge:
370 km 1.520-m gauge (1990)
Religions Anglican 47%, Methodist 28%, Roman Catholic 13%, Hindu Seventh-Day Adventist, other Protestant Muslim 75%, Russian Orthodox 20%, other 5%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female


total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.96 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.61 male(s)/female

total population:
0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: adequate system


domestic: islandwide, fully automatic telephone system; VHF/UHF radiotelephone from Saint Vincent to the other islands of the Grenadines


international: VHF/UHF radiotelephone from Saint Vincent to Barbados; new SHF radiotelephone to Grenada and to Saint Lucia; access to Intelsat earth station in Martinique through Saint Lucia
general assessment:
poorly developed; about 100,000 unsatisfied applications for household telephones

domestic:
principally microwave radio relay; one cellular provider, probably limited to Bishkek region

international:
connections with other CIS countries by landline or microwave radio relay and with other countries by leased connections with Moscow international gateway switch and by satellite; satellite earth stations - 1 Intersputnik and 1 Intelsat; connected internationally by the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic line
Telephones - main lines in use 20,500 (1998) 351,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular NA NA
Television broadcast stations 1 (plus three repeaters) (1997) NA (repeater stations throughout the country relay programs from Russia, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Turkey) (1997)
Terrain volcanic, mountainous peaks of Tien Shan and associated valleys and basins encompass entire nation
Total fertility rate 2.01 children born/woman (2002 est.) 3.19 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 22% (1997 est.) (1997 est.) 6% (1998 est.)
Waterways none 600 km (1990)
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